- Allouche, Adel 1983. The Origins and Development of the Ottoman-Safavid Conflict (906-962/1500-1555) Berlin: Schwarz.
- Anderson, James 1732. Royal genealogies: or, The genealogical tables of emperors, kings, and princes. London.
- Anonymous 1349, `Alamara-ye Shah Esma`il. ed. Mohammad Montazer-Saheb. Tehran.
- Aubin, Jean 1959. “Etudes Safavides I, Sah Ismail et les notables de l’Iraq persan”, Journal of Economic and Social History of the Orient, II/I, pp. 37-81.
- ________, 1988. “L’Avènement des Safavides reconsiderée” (Etudes Safavides III), Moyen-Orient et Océan Indien, vol. 5, pp. 1-130.
- Babinger, Franz 1953. Mehmed der Eroberer und seine Zeit. München.
- Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis 1897. Les Ottomans, les Safavides et leurs voisins. Leiden.
- Barbaro, Josafa – Contarini, Ambrogio 1873. Travels to Tana and Persia. Tr. Lord Stanley of Alderley. London: Hakluyt.
- Berchet, Guglielmo 1976. La Republica di Venezia e la Persia. Tehran.
- Ferrara, Orestes 1940. The Borgia Pope, Alexander the Sixth. New York.
- Febvre, Lucien & Martin, Henri-Jean 1976. The Coming of the Book: The Impact of Printing 1450-1800, London: New Left Books.
- Feridun Bey, 1274/1857-58. Majmu`a munsha’at al-salatin. 2 vols. Istanbul ?
- Fisher, Sydney Nettleton 1948. The Foreign Relations of Turkey 1481-1512. Urbana, Ill.
- Floor, Willem 1996. “The Dutch and the Persian Silk Trade”, in: Ch. Melville ed. Safavid Persia. London: IBTauris, pp. 323-68.
- _________, 1999. The Persian Textile Industry, Its Products and Their Use 1500-1925 Paris: Harmattan.
- _________, 2008. A Social History of Sexual Relations in Iran. Washington DC: MAGE.
- _________, 2016. The Sophy in European Anti-Ottoman Politics in the early Sixteenth Century," ZDMG 166/2.
- Ghaffari Qazvini, Qazi Ahmad, 1343. Tarikh-e Jahanara. ed. Mar`ashi, Sayyed Abu'l-Qasem. Tehran: Hafez.
- Glassen, Erika 1971, "Schah Ismail, ein Mahdi der anatolischen Turkmenen", Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesselschaft, 121, pp. 61-69.
- Goldziher, Ignac 1971. Mohammad and Islam. Translated by Kate C. Seelye. New Haven, Yale UP.
- Göllner, Carl 1994. Tvrcica. Die europäischen Türkendrucke des XVI. Jahrhunderts. 3 vols. Baden-Baden: Valentin Koerner.
- Houston, R.A. 1988. Literacy in early modern Europe: culture and education 1500-1800. London/New York: Longman.
- Jodogne, Pierre 1980. “La di Giovanni Rota. Edizione Critica,” in Studi in Onore di Raffaele Spongano. Bologna: Massimiliano Boni, pp. 215-32.
- Khvandamir, Ghiyath al-Din b.Hemam al-Din al-Hoseyni 1362/1983, Habib al-Siyar. 4 vols. ed. Mohammad Dabir-Siyaqi. Tehran: Khayyam.
- Khvandamir, Amir Mahmud-e, 1370/1991. Tarikh-e Shah Esma`il va Shah Tahmasp-e Safavi (dheyl-e Habib al-Siyar). ed. Jarrahi,Mohammad `Ali. Tehran: Gostardeh.
- Khonji-Esfahani, Fazlollah b.Ruzbihan 1992. Tarikh-i `Alamara-yi Amini with the abridged translation by V. Minorsky Persia in A.D. 1478-1490. ed. John E. Woods. London: Royal Asiatic Society.
- Laheji, `Ali b.Shams al-Din b.Hajj Hosein-e. 1352/1973. Tarikh-e Khani, shamel-e havadeth-e chehel saleh-ye Gilan az 880 ta 920 qamari. ed. Manuchehr Setudeh. Tehran: Bonyad-e Farhang.
- Lemaire de Belges, Jean 1997. Traicté de la différences des schisms et des conciles de l’église ed. Jennifer Britnell. Geneva: Droz.
- Lorenzen-Schmidt, Klaus-Joachim and Poulsen, Bjørn eds. 2002, Writing peasants:studies on peasant literacy inearly modern northern Europe. Landbohistorisk selskab, Gylling.
- Molà, Luca 2000. The Silk Industry of Renaissance Venice. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins UP.
- Montazer-Saheb, Asghar ed. 1349/1970 .‘Alamara-ye Shah Esma’il. Tehran.
- Parsadust, Manuchehr 1375/2006. Shah Esma`il. Tehran: Enteshar.
- Ponte, Giovanni 1977. Attorno a Leonardo da Vinci: l’atessa del Sofi di Persia in Venezia e Firenze all’inizio del Cinquecento, .
- al-Qomi, Qadi Ahmad ibn Sharaf al-Din al-Hoseyn al-Hoseyni 1363/1984. Kholasat al-Tavarikh, 2 vols., ed. Ehsan Eshraqi. Tehran: Daneshgah.
- Rota, Giorgio 2009. Under Two Lions. On the knowledge of Persia in the Republic of Venice (ca. 1450-1797). Vienna.
- Rota, Giovanni 1515. Das Leben und gewonhait und gestalt des Sophy Künigs der Persien. Getruckt zû Augspurg durch Erhart ogling.
- C.D. Rouillard, The Turks in the French History, Thought, and Literature (1520-1660). Paris 1938.
- Sa`d ed-Din 1280 A.H. Taj al-Tavarikh. 2 vols. Istanbul.
- Scarcia, Gianroberto ed. 1969. Relazione di Persia (1542) di Michele Membre. Naples: Instituto Univ. Orientale.
- Scarcia Amoretti, Biancamaria 1979. Šah Ismā’īl I nei di Marin Sanuto. Roma.
- Shirazi,`Abdi Beg, 1369/1990. Takmelat al-Akhbar (tarikh-e Safaviyeh as aghaz ta 978). ed. Nava'i,`Abdol-Hosein. Tehran: Ney.
- Sohrweide, Hanna 1965, “Der Sieg der Safaviden in Persien und scine Rückwirkungen auf die Schiiten Anatoliens im 16. Jahrhundert”, Der Islam, vol. 41, pp. 95-221.
- Stripling, George William Frederick 1977. The Ottoman Turks and the Arabs 1511-1574. Philadelphia.
- Sumer, Faruk 1976. Safevi Devletimin Kurulusu ve Gelismesinde Abadolu Turklerinin Rolu Ankara transl. into Persian by Ehsan Eshraqi and Mohammad Taqi Emami 1371/1992 as: Naqsh-e Torkan-e Anatoli dar Tashkil va Towse’eh-ye Dowlat-e Safavi Tehran.
- von Palombini, Barbara 1968. Bündniswerben abenländischer Mächte um Persien 1453-1600. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner.
- von Pastor, Ludwig Freiherr. 1955-61. Geschichte der Päpste seit dem Ausgang des Mittelalters. 16 Bände in 22. Freiburg i.Br.: Herder.
- Woods, John E. 1976. The Aqquyunlu. Clan, Federation, Empire. Minneapolis.
- Yildirim, Riza 2008. Turkomans between Two Empires. The Origins of the Qizilbash Identity in Anatolia (1447-1514). Ankara: Bilkent University - unpublished dissertation.
)